5G network terminology you should know

Network providers always like to use terms you don't know in their ads unless you keep a close watch on the 5G network. 5G uses sophisticated technology like never before and incorporates these technical terms to explain its coverage and speed. This article will explain some of the terms used in 5G network so you can better understand it.

1. 5G NR

5G New Radio is the name of the standard used to build 5G network coverage. Anything you see today called 5G will use this standard, except for one major exception.

2. 5Ge

The main exception mentioned above when referring to 5G is 5Ge. It is not a 5G NR but it is not a 5G network. 5G Evolution is an AT&T marketing name set for their LTE Advanced mobile network. This is an AT&T game that makes users mistakenly think it is a 5G network, but it is actually a 4G network with MIMO support and fiber optic connection but it really has nothing to do with 5G.

3. 5G Non-standalone (5G NSA)

5G NR is currently operating as a 5G non-standalone network, which means it depends on 4G network to work normally. The developer will use some necessary information from the 4G network to establish a connection with a broadcast station.

4. 5G Standalone (5G SA)

Standalone 5G or 5G SA is the future of deploying 5G NR because it can operate on its own. This will make the deployment of 5G network simpler and cheaper, which can create a more robust network because the entire infrastructure will be new.

5. Dynamic Spectrum Switching (DSS)

When a carrier wants to use 4G spectrum for 5G, they must decide to stop providing 4G services or share with 5G. The best way to do this now is to use Dynamic Spectrum Switching (DSS). With DSS, the device on the base station will change the number of spectrums for each connection type. Within a millisecond, the network can be adjusted to suit different types of loads.

6. Radio Access Network (RAN)

Radio Access Network refers to devices located between your wireless device and a large Internet connection. This technology is used to quickly connect your device effectively to the Internet or wireless network provider. When connecting to the nearest broadcast station, RAN connects you through the core network. 5G RAN brings more services closer to you to improve speed and latency.

7. Core network

The core network is where your connection is made after being routed by other devices in the broadcast station. This may be connected to a subnet, such as a network that provides connectivity to a larger building or network that can drive traffic around the world.

8. Delay

When you start the connection between your device and the destination, for example, the web page, the request is sent to the server before the server decides to resend the file. This period is called latency. Latency depends on many factors but one important factor is because the wave station serves all devices connected to it. Transmission time is measured in milliseconds, greatly influencing the ability of the connection to respond. The core design of 5G network will make the latency lower and this may be one of the biggest upgrades compared to the old technology.

9. Bandwidth

Even older wireless technologies such as 3G and 4G also operate on wireless bands. These bands are only licensed blocks by the FCC (Federal Communications Commission). Think of it like using between 600Mhz and 610Mhz as a band or use a set of all frequencies for one purpose. 5G technology can use very wide band, from low band, to provide coverage that we are familiar with 3G and 4G, until very high frequency bands bring great speed.

10. Low band

Frequency band is 600MHz, 800Mhz and 900Mhz. Lower frequency signals are less affected by gradual interference with things like walls and atmospheric conditions, making them a great choice to cover multiple physical spaces.

These frequencies are preferred by many mobile providers for many years as they allow large area coverage using fewer broadcast stations. However, today with the increase in data usage, the high value of these low frequency bands no longer has a 'martial arts' land even with new technologies like 5G, they cannot keep up with the demand for data on the day. a development. Therefore, you need more frequencies and that requires higher bandwidth.

11. Sub-6

Sub-6, or what FCC calls the middle band, only frequencies below 6GHz but higher than the low frequency frequencies of 2.5Ghz, 3.5Ghz and 3.7 - 4.2Ghz. As time went by, many of the previous frequencies were used only for technologies that no longer existed such as air television now used in new technology.

Sprint has deployed the 5G service on the 2.5GHz bands, the lowest level today, making it superior to its competitors. This also means that vendors using millimeter waves will never deploy 5G at the best speed without a narrow frequency range.

12. Millimeter wave

Living in space above 24GHz, millimeter 5G waves have access to huge data blocks that allow speeds exceeding 1Gbps. Millimeter waves introduced by the FCC are high-band and Qualcomm and AT&T call it mmWave. This is the current spectrum used by AT&T and Verizon for 5G. One problem with these frequencies is coverage.

5G in the high frequency range requires many lower and smaller mobile wave stations, thus leading to increased deployment costs and more connections in densely populated urban areas. However, millimeter waves bring many benefits to the 5G network with high capacity and high speed, over time the combination of all these factors will create the future of 5G coverage.

13. No licensing

Depending on the location, there are unused and unlicensed mass spectra. With the new agreements, these mass spectra can be used for 5G and even 4G in case AT & T's 4G LTE LAA service. Although it is uncertain how this spectrum will be available for 5G usage, the flexibility of 5G technology makes it a good candidate.

14. Ultra Wide Band (UWB)

Ultra Wide Band is the term used by Verizon Wireless to describe their use of high-bandwidth 5G technology. From the ability to use a wider frequency band at high frequencies, Verizon's special 5G brand will look very similar to other versions that use this band.

15. MIMO

Multiple-input, multiple-output or MIMO technology, being used on broadcast stations, helps manage large traffic traffic. It is also used for upgraded LTE Advanced stations. This helps 5G bring a smooth and consistent experience when managing multiple connections. In general, it manages connections to prioritize active and moving connections without backing up by multiple users.

16. Beamforming

Used to combat penetration at higher frequencies, Beamforming is a technology that uses multiple signal sources to actively switch to a stronger and faster station if a signal is blocked. This will be used to keep connections strong even when moving between different mobile points.

17. Small cell

Finally, small sell is much smaller mobile phone points than traditional broadcast stations. These mobile locations are often located on street lights or ceilings of a large indoor area. In densely populated areas, due to the weaker penetration of the higher-frequency signal, it requires more installation, significantly accelerating speed. Although it can be used with LTE coverage, small sellers will be more useful when used with 5G networks.