How is Mobile Linux different from Desktop Linux?

Next year may be the 'year of the Linux operating system for desktop', but mobile operating systems will not sit still waiting. They represent the fastest development of the Linux kernel, providing "life" for the majority of mobile devices. But how can the same kernel work on both mobile and desktop systems? After all, Android doesn't take the desktop very seriously. The basic rules remain the same, but there are significant differences between desktop and mobile operating systems.

What is Mobile Linux?

Mobile Linux (a mobile Linux operating system) is any mobile operating system based on Linux kernel, first created by Linux Torvalds in the 1990s. The kernel is the heart of the operating system, like the foundation of a building. It holds the rest of the computer system, as well as controlling input and output operations.

Like on the desktop, there are many Linux distributions for mobile devices. Android is the most popular and popular choice, although it may have gone beyond the original philosophy of Linux. Android is the leading mobile operating system in the world and it is based on Linux kernel. The Linux philosophy is better maintained by Replicant, an FOSS branch of Android, emphasizing free and confidentiality.

Other Linux-based mobile operating systems also exist. The most popular distributions include Linux kernel builds like PureOS, Ubuntu Touch (currently supported by UBports community) and postmarketOS, as well as Android ports like Replicant, LineageOS and Plasma.

Of course, it should be noted that the desktop Linux operating system (or Desktop Linux for short) can be installed on nearly every mobile device. However, that is not what the article will discuss here. The article will describe Linux distributions built specifically for mobile devices.

Licensing architecture and security

Mobile operating systems have different methods to ensure user privacy. Although most Linux-based mobile operating systems include a number of methods for applications to communicate with each other, it is rare for these applications to have device access outside of their protected sandbox. . Android includes detailed control over different device permissions, such as writing to a local drive or communicating over a data connection.

Desktop operating systems rarely include this level of control, especially with no easy-to-understand user interface. Although Linux for desktops includes common Unix-style file permissions, permission rights are often limited to reading, writing and executing. On the other hand, the mobile operating system provides dozens of permissions that can be requested from the user.

Although each distribution uses its own exact system, most operating systems provide a high degree of control over what applications can do. Apps are rarely allowed to fully control the device and are limited in the activities that they can perform, even when authorized.

Users are also limited in the data they can edit, although those restrictions can be changed after root access. Root and admin permissions, available by default on the desktop, are much harder to access and require device modifications to gain root privileges.

Flexibility of equipment and hardware

In general, mobile operating systems do not need to be as flexible as the desktop operating system. While a desktop computer can have infinite input and output configurations, mobile devices usually only apply a single configuration (the configuration they come with when produced). .

Therefore, many software packages on Linux exist to support many input, output and storage devices that can be deleted. Less file formats, as well as supported connection standards. Only input and output packages that are really needed are included in the device. The distribution is built with only what is needed for integrated deployment and very little respect for users' aftermarket connection options.

Today, the ability to export via USB-Type C or wireless cable exists on high-end devices, but this has only become a feature expected in recent years. Although mobile operating systems become more robust with each release, mobile operating systems are generally less flexible than desktop operating systems.

You might think that the article missed the most obvious difference - the interface of the devices - but that obvious difference does not necessarily determine how the operating system is inside. The real difference lies underneath the operating system.

The Linux operating system for mobile devices is greatly customized for the device and the intended use, while the desktop Linux distributions have more generic packages. Despite these differences, the security and free of open source software is maintained in most Linux-based mobile operating systems, just like on the desktop.