What is the Internet of Things (IoT) or the connected Universal Network?

Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of computer-related devices, machines, objects, animals or people, provided with unique identifiers and capable of transmitting data over the network that There is no need for human-human interaction or human-computer interaction.

Thing in the Internet of Things here could be a person with an implant to monitor the activity of the heart, an animal with a biological chip (capable of automatically receiving and transmitting radio signals. ), a car with built-in sensors to alert the driver when low tire pressure or any other natural or human object is assigned an IP address and is likely Data transmission over the network.

IoT includes convergence to the pinnacle of wireless technology, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), microservice (a type of software architecture, dividing software into very small services) and the Internet. This has broken the silo wall between operating technology (OT) and information technology (IT), allowing analysis of unstructured data to gain better understanding and improvement.

Kevin Ashton, co-founder and chief executive of MIT's Auto-ID Center, was the first to mention the Internet of Things in his presentation to Procter & Gamble in 1999. This is how Ashton explained the potential. of the Internet of Things (as of 1999):

"Today, computers - and therefore the Internet - are almost entirely dependent on people to get information. Nearly all 50 Petabytes (1 Petabyte equal to 1,024 Terabytes) of data on the Internet are recorded. and created by humans by typing, pressing the record button, taking digital photos or scanning barcodes.

The problem is that people only have time, concentration, accuracy at a limited level - meaning that people are not good at capturing data about everything in the real world. If we have computers that are capable of knowing everything - using the data they collect themselves without human help - we can monitor and count everything, significantly reducing waste , losses and costs. We also know when to replace, repair, retrieve everything and know their exact state. "

The increase in address space in IPv6 is an important factor in developing Internet of Things. According to Steve Leibson, expanding address space means that we can assign IPv6 addresses to all atoms on the surface of the earth that are still enough to do so 100 times more. In other words, people can easily assign IP addresses to everything on the planet. The increase in smart nodes as well as the amount of data that the nodes create, is expected to cause many problems related to data security, data copyright and security.

In fact, applications of IoT technology can be found in many industries, including high-tech agriculture, construction management, health care, energy and transportation.

Although the new concept of Internet of Things was not called until 1999, the technology was developed for decades. For example, the first Internet device was a Coke machine at Carnegie Melon University in the early 1980s. Developers can connect to the machine via the Internet, check the status of the machine and see if it has cold drinks. or not. If there is a drink, they will go there to get it.

Imagine that in the era when the Internet of Things exploded, you could even control all your furniture with just gestures, eyes, and even thoughts. Self-driving cars, cows raised in stables do not need to come to the inspection site but also know its health, knowing when it is ready for milk, plants need water to water themselves, . Then we will have many times More time to take care of your health, study higher issues like finding your way to other planets.

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