What is septic? Structure of 3-compartment septic tank, 2 common compartments

Septic tanks are small-scale waste treatment systems often installed underneath each house, company, office or enterprise. Today, it has become an important component indispensable in the overall architecture of buildings. However, not everyone knows what septic tanks are and the principles and structure of the most common septic tanks. So let's learn more with Quantrimang!

What is septic?

Septic tanks are also called septic tanks, septic tanks, septic tanks or digesters . In an easy way to understand, septic tanks are places to store waste from the toilet. Over time, these wastes will be decomposed into liquid before following the drainage system and flowing out. It is possible to imagine how important the role of septic tanks is to our living environment. If there is no wastewater treatment system like septic tanks, then perhaps our environment will be polluted in a heavy and serious way.

Septic tanks are divided into 2 main types: 3-compartment septic tanks and 2 compartments. Although according to the number of compartments, septic septic tank has different structure, but generally they have the same operation principle. However, compared to filtration efficiency and environmental friendliness, the 3-chamber septic tank is the most commonly used and most popular tank.

Today, manufacturers have designed and launched septic smart septic tanks to help treat wastewater faster, shorten the time to clean wastewater, especially environmentally safe, help carry to a clean, clean living space.

Structure of septic tank

Common 3-compartment septic tank

3-chamber septic tank is the most commonly used septic tank design today. The product is designed with 3 compartments including: compartment, compartment and filter compartment.

The compartment is the largest compartment in the compartment, which may be equal to both compartments, because this is where all the undecided waste is dumped. After a period of lying here, they will be completely decomposed into mud. Some types of persistent waste will be deposited here.

The compartment is responsible for receiving waste from the storage compartment. Here, residual waste such as hair, metal or hard objects will be kept at the bottom of the compartment.

The filter compartment prevents the reception of waste after transferring to the settling compartment It is here to keep all suspended waste through the filter system will be retained before being released to the environment.

2-chamber septic tank

The remaining small number of septic tanks on the market today is a type of tank with 2 compartments. This tank structure is relatively simple, including: 1 compartment and 1 settling compartment. The task of these two compartments is similar to the 2 compartments of the 3-compartment septic tank. However, because the design has no filter compartment, the efficiency of waste water filtration is not high and not environmentally friendly. Therefore, this type of tank is gradually eroded, instead of the popular 3-compartment septic tank.

Principle of operation of septic tanks

Perhaps, when you look at the structure of septic tanks, you can also imagine their principle of operation. The domestic waste from the toilet will be discharged directly into the tank compartment. It contains a number of bacteria and fungi that make the degradation process fast and significantly reduce odors. After many decomposition processes, most of the waste has been completely decomposed into the mud, leaving only some types such as hair, plastic, metal, etc. This explains why, after a period of use, need to proceed. periodic waste suction or otherwise the tank will no longer work.

Next, the waste and persistent objects will be transferred to the settling compartment and deposited below. After a period of time, it will be excreted or turned into gas if conditions are met.

After the second process, only waste water is left in the waste water. When it comes to the filter system in the third compartment it will be retained and the waste through the process will automatically exit. The remaining dirt in the filter water will be retained and eliminated in the soil due to evaporation, absorption of plant roots or the reception of groundwater and surface water.

Some tips for septic tanks work better and are more durable

Did you know, if installed and used well, can your septic tank last 10 years, 20 years, or even 50 years? While there are families that only use the tank for 1 year, it is full. So how to use good septic tanks and increase its lifespan? Let's see the suggestions below!

1. To design septic tank system, it is necessary to have additional siphon or other equipment with the same function to increase volume and flow rate to the filter compartment. This helps the exhaust system not always weight up the full state and prolongs the life of the pipe as it limits the process of congestion.
2. In addition, factors such as temperature, wastewater flow and waste storage time also greatly affect the operation of septic tanks. Therefore, when constructing septic tank system, it is necessary to ensure tight, tight, without external impacts such as infiltrating underground water, the bottom of the tank is deformed due to the unsafe structure of the foundation .

1. The role of microorganisms, bacteria, fungi in the tank is an important factor that makes the tank work much better. Therefore, limiting the use of strong detergents and detergents to the toilet, easily killing microorganisms under septic tanks.
2. Regularly use microbial mud to help quickly disintegrate waste. In microbial mud contains microorganisms that are conducive to the decomposition of waste. You can easily buy them at large and small grocery stores near you. You should use it once a month or once every two months.

Hopefully, the above useful information will help you better understand the role of septic tanks and help to use septic tanks properly, persistently and save the cost of smoking for families.