How to Fix a Windows Computer that Hangs or Freezes

Freezing at Shutdown

1. 
   Install all available updates.
2. 
   Check if there are any device issues. For this, you must disconnect non-essential hardware e.g., USB devices.
3. 
   Check if the problem also occurs in Safe Mode. If not, uninstall any software that is not being used by you.
4. 
   Scan for any malware, i.e., malicious software.

Random Hanging

1. 
   Check for damaged files. A damaged/corrupt system files may be the underlying cause and you can repair such files by running tools like the System File Checker (SFC) or the Deployment Image Servicing and Management (DISM).
2. 
   Try removing new programs. A software compatibility problem may also be a contributing factor, especially if you recently installed an app or driver. You can try to remove it. If you're not able to, run a System Restore to return the system to a previous working state or another saved restore point before you installed the particular software/ application.
3. 
   Check for a damaged registry configuration. This can happen due to registry cleaning tools; to overcome this problem, you can use System Restore or Refresh to return the system to a previous working configuration.
4. 
   Look for hardware issues. Such disk failure could be a contributory factor, especially if chkdsk runs while starting Windows. In case of repeated failures, try replacing the hard drive. Other faulty hardware can also lead to random hangs; for that, you may run hardware diagnostics.
5. 
   Check for malware. This kind of malicious software may also result in random hangs in Windows. For this, you can run one or more of the online detection tools e.g., Microsoft Safety Scanner.
6. 
   Make sure your antivirus software is up to date. Antivirus software, at times, can cause a random hang in Windows, especially if the antivirus software is out of date, or if you have more than one antivirus running on your PC simultaneously. Uninstall all but one antivirus program, and install the latest updates for your antivirus software.

Generic Freezing

1. 
   Check your drivers. A generic freeze may occur due to problems with one or more important drivers such as display drivers, Bluetooth drivers, network drivers, motherboard drivers etc., which can all contribute to temporary freezing of the system. For this you must uninstall the specific driver(s) causing the freeze and reinstall it/them again.
2. 
   Optimize your system. A freeze could as well be part of a general poor performance problem leading to a slow or lagging computer. In such an event, you must optimize your Windows for better performance.

Single-App Freezing

1. In case of your PC freezing temporarily while using a specific app, Windows is not the cause, but in all likelihood, there is a conflict with the app that is freezing. In such a single-app freeze, the following steps are recommended:

1. 
   Be sure to try all steps listed for overcoming a generic freeze.
2. 
   Install all latest updates for the app.
3. 
   If you can run the app offline, try running it without being connected to the Internet.
4. Uninstall and reinstall the app. In order to make sure that the app files and configuration are not damaged, a fresh start can be helpful.