How to easily read smartphone specifications

If you're on the hunt for a new smartphone, the first thing you'll naturally look at is the specs sheet. It's packed with clues about performance, battery life, and display quality, but let's face it, it can sometimes feel more like a foreign language than useful information. This guide will break down those confusing terms and explain the technology so you can pick the right phone without getting confused.

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1. Construction quality & design

Let's be honest, most of us don't want a phone that looks like a brick. That's why design matters. The top of the spec sheet usually lists the phone's dimensions like height, width, thickness, and weight, which gives you an idea of ​​how slim, sleek, or bulky the device actually is. This is your first clue to whether the phone is comfortable to hold or easy to slip into your pocket.

2. Screen

The display is the part of your smartphone that you interact with the most, so it's essential to know exactly what you're getting. Display details are usually one of the first pieces of information you'll see in a smartphone's specs sheet. They usually include data about the type of display the smartphone uses, resolution, PPI, etc.

3. Software

Every smartphone runs on an operating system, and your experience depends on that operating system, so choose carefully. It all comes down to two main competitors: Android or iOS. All iPhones run iOS, while most other smartphone brands are based on Android.

There are some exceptions, like Huawei phones running HarmonyOS. Originally based on part of the Android open source project, the mobile operating system has now split off to become an independent platform.

Android isn't exactly the same on every phone, though, as each brand adds its own flair through its custom skin. Samsung has One UI , OnePlus uses OxygenOS (outside of Asia), and Google's Pixel phones keep things simple with stock Android.

4. Processor (CPU & GPU)

Moving down the specs sheet, you'll find information about the phone's CPU (central processing unit, aka the phone's brain power). This is the heart of the phone, responsible for powering everything that happens on the device.

Manufacturer

When it comes to smartphone processors, Qualcomm is a household name, especially in the Android world. Their Snapdragon line is divided into four main tiers: 4, 6, 7, and 8. The higher the number, the more powerful and efficient the chip, so the Snapdragon 8 Elite is superior to the Snapdragon 6.

Core and speed

After the processor name, you will usually see details like the number of cores. A higher core count, such as 8 cores versus 4 cores, usually indicates better performance. However, this is not a given. The efficiency of a processor also depends heavily on factors like core architecture, design, and clock speed.

5. GPU

Just below the CPU section on the specs sheet, you can see details about the GPU. The GPU is responsible for rendering images, so if mobile gaming is a priority for you, a powerful mobile GPU can make a significant difference in the quality of your games.

Four main GPU lines dominate the mobile market: Qualcomm's Adreno, ARM's Mali, Integrated's PowerVR, and Apple's in-house designs. Just like CPUs , higher numbers usually mean better performance. PowerVR is mostly found in low-end devices, while Adrenos comes with Snapdragon chips. Mali is used in phones with Exynos or MediaTek processors, and the iPhone relies entirely on Apple's own GPU technology.

6. RAM

RAM specifications are usually listed next to the processor details in the smartphone's specification sheet. It acts as temporary memory that makes it easy to access apps and data while you're using it.

More RAM generally allows for smoother performance and improved multitasking. While budget smartphones will start at around 2GB or 3GB of RAM, the standard has gradually increased, especially in the Android ecosystem, where devices with up to 16GB of RAM are becoming more common.

7. Storage capacity

Storage is another important spec to look at, as it tells you how much space you have for your apps, photos, and files. Remember that some of the storage is taken up by the operating system. For example, a phone with 16GB of storage may only have about 12GB of actual usable space, while a 32GB model may leave you with about 28GB.

8. Camera

If you like taking photos with your smartphone, understanding these specs is especially important. Every smartphone has both a front-facing and a rear-facing camera, each with its own megapixel count. Typically, the selfie camera has fewer megapixels than the main camera, although there are some exceptions.

More megapixels generally result in sharper photos, but aperture size, sensor type, lens quality, and software optimization are just as important.

9. Battery and charger

Today's smartphones typically use lithium batteries, with capacities listed in milliamp-hours (mAh). These capacities can vary widely, depending on the model; some are modest in capacity, while others pack significantly more power.

While larger batteries typically mean longer battery life, higher capacity doesn't always mean longer screen-on time. As smartphones get more power-hungry apps and brighter, higher-resolution screens, their energy demands increase.

10. Connectivity & Add-ons

Staying connected is essential, and most modern smartphones support the latest standards like Wi-Fi 6 , 5G (where available), and Bluetooth 5 .

When buying a new phone, you should choose one that has all of these connectivity features to ensure optimal performance.

11. Additional Features

There are a few additional features worth noting when looking at the spec sheet:

1. IP Rating : Indicates whether the smartphone is water resistant or not
2. Ports : Modern smartphones mainly use three types: USB Type-C, common on most new Android devices and the latest iPhone models; microUSB, an older standard still found on some devices; and Apple's proprietary Lightning connector, used on older iPhones.
3. NFC : A wireless technology that operates at very close range commonly used for mobile payments.
4. Speaker : This is the speaker built into your phone, for listening to music, making calls, etc. It can be a mono speaker (one speaker) or stereo speakers (two speakers). Features like Dolby Atmos or High-Res Audio mean superior sound quality.

No matter what phone you own, protecting your privacy online should always be a top priority. That's where the top VPN apps for Android and iPhone you should know come in.

See also:

1. 4 simple ways to check computer and laptop hardware configuration and information
2. How to check real and fake memory card on Android phone
3. How to check if your phone has been unfairly charged by the network operator?

Lesley Montoya

Update 07 July 2025