What is PSTN? Comparison between PSTN and VoIP

 The Public Switched Telephone Network is a global telephone network where voice calls are connected through circuit switching technology. Since its inception, the PSTN has played an important role in connecting people and keeping in touch. So what is the PSTN? Let's find out with  TipsMake  through the article below.

What is PSTN?

PSTN stands for Public Switched Telephone Network. This is a traditional telephone communication system that we often use. It includes telephone lines, switches and other equipment to make calls between different users.

What is PSTN? Comparison between PSTN and VoIP Picture 1

What is PSTN?

PSTN works on the principle of circuit switching, where each call is established as a separate channel between the caller and the receiver. This means that when you make a call, a direct connection is created between the two devices, allowing for a smooth and stable transmission of audio. This connection is usually maintained for the duration of the call.

How does PSTN work?

PSTN works based on circuit switching processes and transmits voice over electrical signals. Here is how PSTN works:

1. Calling Process: When a user wants to make a call, they simply dial the recipient's phone number. An electrical signal is sent over the telephone line to a switching center. Here, the center determines the best path to connect the call to the recipient.
2. Switching in PSTN : There are two main types of switching used in PSTN: circuit switching and packet switching. In circuit switching, a dedicated line is established for each call, whereas, packet switching breaks data into packets for transmission. Although circuit switching is the most traditional method, it often wastes resources if the call is not continuous.
3. Ensuring voice quality: The PSTN is designed to ensure the best voice quality. The sound is converted into an electrical signal and then transmitted to the destination. The system automatically adjusts to ensure that the sound is always clear, even when there is interference or interruption. At a higher level, new technologies are involved in this process to improve the quality of service, including the application of audio compression and signal coding. This helps to improve clarity and reduce delays in communication.

Advantages and disadvantages of PSTN

Like any other technology, PSTN has its own advantages and disadvantages. Understanding them will help users choose a more suitable communication method.

Advantages of PSTN

1. Voice Quality : PSTN offers very good and stable voice quality, making it a popular choice for important calls.
2. Ease of Use : Landline phone systems are very easy to use, and do not require complex technological knowledge on the part of the consumer.
3. Wide coverage : PSTN can serve almost any area, including remote areas where new technologies such as the Internet are not yet well developed.

Disadvantages of PSTN

1. High Cost : PSTN networks are often more expensive to maintain and operate than digital solutions like VoIP.
2. Limited features : PSTN mainly supports only simple voice calls, while new technologies allow users to make video calls, instant messaging, and many other features.
3. Dependent on physical infrastructure : If there is a problem with the infrastructure, such as a broken cable or equipment failure, communications can be disrupted.

What is the voice quality of PSTN?

Voice quality is a key factor in the user experience of communication services. In the case of PSTN, voice quality is often highly regarded, but there are many factors that influence this.

Factors affecting voice quality include:

1. Infrastructure : The quality of the wiring, machinery and switching equipment all contribute to voice quality. A well-maintained system will have better quality.
2. Distance : The distance between the caller and the receiver can also affect the voice quality. As the distance increases, the signal may be degraded, resulting in poor voice quality.
3. Signal Noise : There are many sources of noise that can degrade voice quality, from nearby electronic equipment to weather conditions.

It can be seen that users generally feel more comfortable using the PSTN for important calls, as they trust that quality will be guaranteed. Familiarity with the system is also a factor that motivates users to continue using the PSTN, despite the development of new technologies.

PSTN is not perfect, but its voice quality still stands firm in the hearts of many consumers. Understanding and understanding the voice quality in PSTN will help users have a better experience when using this service.

Comparing PSTN and VoIP

When analyzing between PSTN and VoIP, we see interesting differences between these two technologies.

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Conclude

Public Switched Telephone Network still holds an important position in the field of communication today. The voice quality it provides is still highly appreciated by users, despite competition from new technologies such as VoIP.

Factors such as stability, reliability and ease of use have kept a large number of consumers engaged alongside improvements in new technology. Understanding the PSTN along with its pros and cons will help users make the best decision for their communication needs.

Jessica Tanner

Update 26 February 2025