Windows users can also use these micro-updates but need to be tested by Microsoft first and released later. The final microcode update was released in 2015. It is not known whether Microsoft intends to release the update.
On Linux, using these files is quite easy because Linux distributions are available as updates. To install, the best way is to use the Package Manager package management tool in the Linux distribution.
For Debian and Ubuntu, APT is recommended to install. Package Manager also installs dependencies if demand, such as incode-tool, for example. Redhat and Centos need to use Yum and find microcodt_ctl.
If you cannot update via Package Manager, you can install it manually. On modern Linux distributions it is often necessary to copy the downloaded intel-ucode directory, then to / lib / firmware, then run echo 1> / sys / devices / system / cpu / microcode / reload. You can see the example of updating Ubuntu manually here. https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/forums/t/667654/latest-ubuntu-meltdownspectre-updates-break-my-pc/?p=4420456
Ubuntu uses microcode microcode
This is Intel's instructions for installing microcode
- Instructions for updating microcode -
This package contains microcode files in 2 formats:
* microcode.dat
* intel-ucode directory
microcode.dat is a text file that is still used on some Linux distributions. The system can be updated via the update interface on the kernel
CONFIG_MICROCODE_OLD_INTERFACE = y.
To update microcode.dat for the system, need:
1. Be sure to have / dev / cpu / microcode
2. Write microcode.dat on the file, for example
dd if = microcode.dat of = / dev / cpu / microcode bs = 1M
The intel-ucode folder contains micro-binary files named after the template
family-model-stepping. The file is supported on most Linux kernels, usually in the / lib / firmware directory and can be updated via the microcode reload interface.
To update the intel-ucode package needed:
1. Be sure to have / sys / devices / system / cpu / microcode / reload
2. Copy the intel-ucode directory to / lib / firmware, overwrite the internal files
/ lib / firmware / intel-ucode /
3. Write on the reload interface of 1 to reload the microcode file, for example
echo 1> / sys / devices / system / cpu / microcode / reload
See more: