Discover the difference between symmetric and asymmetric encryption
Data encryption is the process of transferring data from one form to another or into a code format that only the person with access to the decryption key or password can read it. There are two commonly implemented types of encryption: symmetric and asymmetric. The fundamental difference between the two types of encryption is that symmetric encryption uses a unique key for both encryption and decryption, while asymmetric encryption uses a public key to encrypt and private key to decode.
To get a better understanding of these two forms of coding as well as point out the basic differences between them, let's take a look at a few factors below.
Symmetric encryption
This is arguably the simplest and most commonly used coding technique, with some outstanding features such as:
- Because the symmetric encryption algorithm is less complicated and can execute faster, this is a technique that is particularly popular in mass data transfer operations.
- The original text is encrypted with a key before sending, and the same key will also be used by the recipient to decode the data.
- Some of the most commonly used symmetric encryption algorithms include AES-128, AES-192 and AES-256.
Asymmetric encryption
This type of encryption comes after symmetric encryption and is also known as public-key encryption:
- Asymmetric encryption is said to be safer than symmetric encryption because it uses two separate keys for both encryption and decryption processes.
- The public key used for encryption will be public, but the private key for decryption is completely confidential.
- This encryption method is used in everyday communication over the internet.
- When a message is encrypted with the public key, it can only be decrypted with the private key. However, when a message is encrypted with the private key, it can be decoded with the public key.
- The digital certificate in the client-server model can be used to find public keys.
- The drawback of asymmetric encryption is that it takes longer to perform than symmetric encryption.
- Common asymmetric coding techniques include RSA, DSA and PKCS.
The main difference between symmetric encryption and asymmetric encryption
- Asymmetric encryption is a technique that has been introduced a long time ago, while asymmetric encryption is a newer technique.
- Asymmetric encryption takes longer to execute due to the complex logic involved. For this reason, symmetric encryption is still preferred for mass data transmission.
- Asymmetric encryption is more secure because it uses different keys for encryption and decryption.
Both encryption methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. However from a security perspective, asymmetric encryption is definitely the more optimal option.
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