What is El Nino? Why is there such a name?

El Nino is one of the most unusual phenomena of catastrophe in humans for over 5,000 years. Today, the El Nino phenomenon appears more frequently and its destructive power is more intense than the global impact of weather. Abnormal weather events begin when warm water in the tropical west Pacific moves east along the equator towards the South American coast.

Most people in Peru and Ecuador in South America live on fishing, every year when the El Nino phenomenon appears to make the sea warm in the winter, a few weeks before Christmas makes the fish disappeared, catches decreased, resulting in difficulties and famine. Here TipsMake.com will help you find out about this El Nino phenomenon.

What is El Nino? Why is there such a name? Picture 1

What is El Nino?

El Nino is the warm period of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation cycle (ENSO). ENSO is the way scientists describe the temperature fluctuations between the atmosphere and the ocean in the eastern Central Equatorial Pacific. Basically, El Nino is a natural phenomenon that makes the surface temperature of seawater warm up in the central and eastern Central Equatorial Pacific. El Nino in Spanish means " son ", which is often used to refer to Jesus Christ, and this phenomenon is called El Nino because it usually happens in the month of Christmas. El Nino lasts 8-12 months or sometimes longer, appears every 3-4 years, but sometimes thicker or thinner.

El Nino and La Nina are the opposite periods of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the cycle. While El Nino is the warm period of ENSO, La Niña is the cold phase of ENSO.

The cause of this phenomenon

The tropical Pacific has the right western moving wind. The winds push warm water on the surface of the ocean from east to west (west). This makes the water warm up to the west of the sea near Asia.

Meanwhile, to the east of the sea, near Central and South America, cold waters are pushed to the surface. Because of this, there is a difference in temperature on the equatorial Pacific Ocean, with warm water in the west and cold water in the east.

Warm waters on the west heat the air, increasing warm air and leading to strong weather, including rain and thunderstorms. The warm air raises the circulation between the east and west of the Pacific Ocean, with, hot, humid air rising in the west, and cool, gradually reducing dry air in the east.

All natural incidents lead to winter winds, and cause a self-sustaining movement in the air in the Pacific Ocean.
This self-sustaining movement in the Pacific atmosphere continues until the slowing change in the surrounding ocean leads to a series of phenomena known as El Nino.

Under the right conditions, trade winds are weakening, causing less warm surface water to be pushed westward, and less cold water to be pulled to the surface to the east. Parts of the cold ocean during the self-sustaining cycle often become warmer, losing normal differences at temperatures in the Pacific equator between the east and west.

With ocean temperatures, and the warmest seas that are more toward the center of the ocean, clouds, rainy weather that often occurs in the east at the center of the oceans, precipitation on the Thai Binh Duong is changing due to the decline of trade winds and the movement of warm water.

This phenomenon also causes a change in the wind cycle. The wind is blowing out from the center of the ocean in the east and west.

Time of this phenomenon occurs

El Nino occurs every 3-5 years , but can come as often as every two years or rarely seven years. Usually, El Nino happens more often than La Ninas . Each appearance usually lasts from 9 to 12 months. It usually begins to form in the spring, reaching a peak between December and January, and then spreading in the months of next year.

Harm of this phenomenon

The main effects of the El Nino phenomenon occur in and around the tropics. And here are some of the effects of El Nino on the weather of the world:

In South America, there will be a strong increase in the risk of flooding on the west coast , and the risk of drought on parts of the east coast .

In Eastern countries, like India and Indonesia, there is an increase in drought. In general, El Nino causes a large amount of rain in the eastern part of the Pacific Ocean (west coast of South America), and very dry weather on the western part (India, Indonesia).

On the surface of the Pacific Ocean, energy is released into the atmosphere, causing a warming phenomenon of global climate.

Studying the series of data in the past 50 years, we can clearly see the influence of ENSO phenomenon on climate change, weather and hydrological regime in Vietnam in general, Southern region said private.

In the years when the El Nino phenomenon is quite active, the sun is hot, the drought is prolonged, the rainy season comes late, the flood is approximately or lower than the average of many years, storms and tropical low pressure operate on the Sea East less than average.

On the contrary, in the years when La Nina has a strong activity , the northeast monsoon winds operate continuously with strong intensity, the summer monsoon is also quite strong and stable, bringing to the Southern region. the average rainfall in the rainy season is higher than the average, the number of storms and tropical low pressure is more than average .