In this lesson, we will learn how to convert an HTML4 website to HTML5 without changing any original content or structure.

You can use the same if you want to convert XHTML to HTML5.

Normal HTML4 page

 HTML4 

With the interface obtained:

DocType document conversion of HTML5

First, change the old DocType style to the new DocType of HTML5.

From:

To:

We still get the same results.

Change the new encoding

Next, from the old Encoding style:

New style of HTML5:

Add Shiv element to HTML5

Semantic elements in HTML5 are supported in all modern browsers.

In addition, you can "teach" older browsers how to handle new HTML5 elements.

However, Internet Explorer8 browser and previous versions do not allow adding unknown elements. Therefore, HTML5Shiv is a JavaScript solution that programmers use to add HTML5 to IE versions before version9.

You can take a closer look at HTML5Shiv here.

Add elements with CSS semantics in HTML5

CSS contains ids and classes to style elements

 body { 
 font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; 
 font-size: 0.9em; 
 } 

 div # header, div # footer { 
 padding: 10px; 
 color: white; 
 background-color: purple; 
 } 

 div # content { 
 margin: 5px; 
 padding: 10px; 
 background-color: lightgrey; 
 } 

 div.article { 
 margin: 5px; 
 padding: 10px; 
 background-color: white; 
 } 

 div # menu ul { 
 padding: 0; 
 } 

 div # menu ul li { 
 display: inline; 
 margin: 5px; 
 } 

To HTML5 we replace with semantic elements

 body { 
 font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; 
 font-size: 0.9em; 
 } 

 header, footer { 
 padding: 10px; 
 color: white; 
 background-color: purple; 
 } 

 section { 
 margin: 5px; 
 padding: 10px; 
 background-color: lightgrey; 
 } 

 article { 
 margin: 5px; 
 padding: 10px; 
 background-color: white; 
 } 

 nav ul { 
 padding: 0; 
 } 

 nav ul li { 
 display: inline; 
 margin: 5px; 
 } 

Next, change old elements to semantic elements:

1. Convert elements with id = 'header' and id = 'footer' to semantic elements and .
2. Move element with id = 'menu' to semantic element
3. Move an element with id = 'content' to a semantic element .
4. Turning elements has class = 'post' to semantic elements .

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Finally you can remove the tags . They are no longer needed in HTML5.

The difference between and

Elements and

It is easy to be confused with each other and you are easily confused if you only read the concept of each element.

In HTML5 standard, and

is defined as follows:

1. is a block of content related to each other.
2. is a block consisting of complete content, a closed block.
3. is a block consisting of multiple child tags inside.

So how do we clearly distinguish these elements?

Quite simply, depending on the content you want to show, use these elements flexibly.

In the above example we have used it outside .

But we can also use it for the same purpose.

Here are a few examples that demonstrate how to use flexible tags in each case:

in :

 HTML5 

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Results:

 HTML5 

Technology Story

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Results:

 HTML5 

Technology Story

Technology Village

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Result:

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