French chemist Edouard Benedictus.
In one experiment, he accidentally dropped a glass vase, but unexpectedly, it did not crumble but only cracked and retained its shape. The reason is that the bottle previously contained collodion, a solution of cellulose nitrate cellulose. After this solution evaporates, leave a transparent layer of cellulose nitrate, almost invisible on the walls of the flask.
When he read the newspaper about an accident, the driver and the passengers were seriously injured by ordinary debris, Benedictus thought of the glass vase he dropped without breaking. He began experimenting with collodion solution.
When the car's windshield is still made of ordinary glass.
After a lot of experiments, Benedictus has released safety glasses made up of two glass plates stuck together by means of cellulose nitrate in the middle. With this safety glass, even with hammering, they still retain the old shape, only cracked, not creating debris.
Benedictus patented this type of safety glass in 1909 under the name "three layers" (Triplex).
Benedictus triplex is very good and safe, but due to high cost, it is not accepted by car companies. But this new material received the attention of the military and was used as a lens for the gas mask during the First World War.
Glasses for poison masks made from safety glasses.
Henry Ford, the first car company to use triplex lenses in 1919. And after 10 or 15 years, all other automakers also use safety goggles for their cars.
Currently, car manufacturers continue to research and produce many types of car glasses with higher safety levels to minimize damage to vehicles and people in the car when an accident occurs.