3 main types of Linux distributions that you should know

If the idea of ​​thousands of Linux distributions gives you a "headache", then take a look at how Linux distributions are classified. Knowing how Linux distros are classified will help you make an informed decision when choosing a Linux distribution for your server or workstation.

1. Enterprise-class distribution

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An enterprise-class distribution is a Linux distro that has been thoroughly tested and can run mission-critical systems that support high availability and business needs. In addition, they often provide support services in case you have problems with your system.

Another attribute of enterprise-grade distributions is that they are supported for a long time and have a large following, so they are also easy to get help from the user community on the Internet.

Some examples of enterprise-grade distributions include:

1. Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) : RHEL is a stable and robust Linux distribution that has been supported and updated for a minimum of 10 years from the time of release.
2. Debian : A leading Linux distribution known for its robustness, stability, and ease of use.
3. Ubuntu LTS : Not all Ubuntu releases are for enterprise, only LTS versions are suitable as they are stable enough and supported for up to 5 years from the time of release.

Other enterprise-grade Linux distributions include Alma Linux, Rocky Linux, and SUSE Enterprise Linux. If you want stable and robust systems, consider using enterprise-grade distributions whether in the company or for personal use.

The only drawback with enterprise distributions is that you don't get feature updates as quickly as on other types of distributions. Features must be properly tested before they are ported to enterprise-grade distributions.

2. Consumer distribution

Distributions of this type are aimed at casual users and technical people who love new features and updates. If your personal business PC or server can withstand some downtime due to system issues, then you can use consumer distributions.

Some popular consumer distributions are:

1. Fedora : A powerful and beautiful RPM-based distro. It comes with the latest features but is not considered as stable as RHEL. Fedora is a testing ground for features that at some point will end up on RHEL.
2. Ubuntu (Non-LTS) : Comes with new features and updates but supported for a relatively short time. You must constantly upgrade to new releases to receive regular security updates.

Consumer distributions receive regular updates and new features, but they receive security and software patches in a relatively short time compared to LTS distributions. .

For example, non-LTS versions of Ubuntu only receive updates for 9 months from the date of release. In contrast, Ubuntu LTS receives updates for a minimum of 5 years. You can even extend this up to 10 years with Ubuntu Pro.

If you're running mission-critical systems, you don't want to perform major upgrades as often as this leads to downtime. In such situations, consumer distributions would not be the ideal choice.

3. Test distribution

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Last but not least is the experimental Linux distribution; these distributions come with minimal features and often require technical knowledge for setup or day-to-day use. They are ideal if you want to learn about the inner workings of Linux, test its features, or customize the operating system to your needs.

Similar to consumer distros, test distros always receive the most advanced updates. In test distros, it's the new feature that matters, not the stability.

Some of the prominent test distros include:

1. : A powerful lightweight and flexible Linux distribution that gives you complete control over the operating system. It uses the rolling release model of software distribution, where users have access to the latest software features and updates continuously.
2. Gentoo : A popular choice among geeks who like to tinker with systems. This is the ideal distro if you want customizability and performance. In addition, you should have experience working with source code to manage Gentoo software packages.
3. CRUX : Another powerful and minimalistic distro that is highly customizable. Since it comes with minimal software, you will probably have to spend a considerable amount of time setting it up. It is the ideal choice for advanced users and developers who prefer a simple and streamlined operating system.
4. Sid (Debian Unstable) : The name Sid is taken from a character in Toy Story who often breaks and tinkers with his toys. That's exactly what you get. Unlike stable Debian, this version is constantly receiving features and updates that will later appear on Debian. Although not very stable, it is ideal for geeks and testers who want quick access to new features.

Experimental distributions are popular among developers and knowledgeable people who like to tinker with their systems.

Thus there are 3 main types of Linux distributions. Depending on what you expect from your operating system, there will be a type of Linux distribution that is right for you.

To find the perfect distro for you, you can use the suggestions in each category to narrow your search.

Jessica Tanner

Update 14 April 2023