Research: The phenomenon of cannibalism in the animal world and human society

Baby sharks can swim back and forth in the womb of mother sharks and eat their brothers to gain life. When reaching 4 months of age, embryonic sharks have completely developed teeth, operate and start eating each other. Only the healthiest individuals can survive as a gruesome and extremely cruel natural selection process. Gulls and pelicans are also two of the typical cannibalistic species. When there is not enough food, parents can eat their own offspring, or to prevent the spread of the disease. For insects such as Australian mantis or red-backed spider, females often eat males after mating to 'give back'. Or even a familiar and cute animal like a cat has a behavior of cannibalism. The mother cat can eat her baby when she is uneasy, or the male cats usually eat the offspring without their blood.

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Research: The phenomenon of cannibalism in the animal world and human society Picture 1 Sharks are ruthless assassins right from an early age

In fact, cannibalism is more common in mammals. Many maternal 4-legged mothers can eat young children if they are sick, die or give birth too much. Bears and lions often kill and eat adult females so they are easier to mate. Chimpanzees sometimes eat meat that is unfortunate, usually young, as a way to replenish protein deficiency.

Humans are also mammals and dominate the planet as well as the food chain. So in fact, can the cannibal phenomenon appear in human society? Please say yes, but most of these are only isolated cases, occurring from the primitive period, in underdeveloped populations (the tribes have not been exposed to the civilized world), or in those The killer has a neurological problem. In fact, cannibalism is the last taboo, at the highest level, even ranked above incest. Cannibalism is one of the most universal prohibitions, both in old and new societies, and in all different cultures. Those who are found to have this behavior will surely be discriminated against, isolated and punished by society.

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Research: The phenomenon of cannibalism in the animal world and human society Picture 2 Hannibal Lecter cannibalism character in the movie The silence of the sheep

Recently, scientists Jared Piazza, Lecturer in Social Psychology, and Neil McLatchie, Lecturer in Psychology, Lancaster University, UK have hosted a study related to cannibalism. people. Accordingly, the participants were asked to comment on the hypothesis that a man agreed to let his friend eat his body parts after he died of some natural cause.

Participants were informed that cannibalism is legal and recognized in an unusual culture, in the sense that this action is to honor the deceased, but also the flesh of the dead will also Is cooked to avoid disease infection. Even so, there are still more than half of the participants insisting that the action is wrong and 'inhuman'.

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Even in the harshest, most dangerous situation and no other choice, cannibalistic behavior, in other words, cannibalism still suffers many conflicting opinions, most of them is protest. Such as in the famous plane crash in 1972.

The story occurred on October 13, 1972, when a small passenger plane crashed between Chile and Argentina, a rugged area of ​​the Andes. 27 people survived in a completely untouched area, without electricity, without food, at night for up to 14 hours and temperatures always below -27 degrees C.

The tragedy really lies in the fact that so many passengers survived the accident, they were waiting for salvation in fatigue. As the days passed, the survivors were exhausted and forced to come up with a perhaps the most difficult decision in their lives: Eat meat that was lost to life, because they no longer had any Other options - except death! It can be said that people have completely lost their reason and humanity when standing on the brink of survival.

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Research: The phenomenon of cannibalism in the animal world and human society Picture 3 Survivors had to eat cannibalism while waiting for rescue

A survivor named Roberto Canessa, after being rescued, suffered from persistent obsessions that almost went mad. The nightmares that happened to this man every night made him miserable. Although at that time, there were many opinions supporting the decision of survivors, and said that relatives of bodies that were eaten should feel proud of a part of their loved ones' bodies. Help many others keep their lives.

Terrible decision

The tragic anecdote shows why humans are considered the exception of the cannibalistic rule. Awareness, social impact, and social knowledge have a great influence on this phenomenon. The deep relationship between our thoughts and actions has a great influence in the period before and after the cannibalistic action takes place. Usually it is a really difficult decision (except for those with abnormal minds), and after the worst decision has been made, we will have to endure the torment, obsessed with remorse.

So why does the feeling of obsession and even disgust rise when we eat cannibalism and not other animals? Philosopher William Irvine once mentioned the 'horror' hypothesis of a closed farm that fostered plump children just to get meat for human consumption, just like the way we fattened and killed. operating cattle species such as cows, pigs, goats . for meat. Irvine suggests that the same arguments we apply to justify fattening and cattle meat also apply to babies. For example, these children are not yet aware enough to protest, as well as the intellect to understand the bad situation that is about to happen to them.

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Research: The phenomenon of cannibalism in the animal world and human society Picture 4 Philosopher William Irvine once stated a 'horror' hypothesis about a farm for meat-eaters

Although William Irvine only makes assumptions and of course does not support infant meat eating, this scary scenario is useful in shedding light on our 'bias' as well as our prejudices. consider the moral aspect of cannibalism. From a young age, we tend to think about individuals who live around us according to each 'classification' model - each individual category, such as different people or cows. This is probably a cognitive innate factor, or it can also be considered a 'quintessential', which cannot be observed directly but brings a basic identity in one's awareness. For example, people are individuals who possess intelligent and rational thinking, we have personality and desire to live, and we form relationships with each other.

This psychological factor is a useful shortcut to guide our views and assessments of each classification model, or more specifically, how we think about a flesh-and-blood person and how they are I suspect an animal. This is why cannibalism even when the person is dead still causes us to experience such horrible obsession. Even in a situation where there is no other choice, the obsession will still torment us.

The way we interact with animals is the factor that shapes the way we classify them. Research shows that the more we think about animals according to human characteristics - that is, like our fellow humans - the more we tend to think that it is horrible to eat that animal. The simplest example to mention in this case is the dog. For those who consider dogs to be friends, or more widely, in countries where people regard dogs as a family member, they will find that eating dog meat is unacceptable and deserving of condemnation. While for those who simply consider dogs to be a common animal or pet, eating dog meat is very common, just like when eating meat of other animals such as cows, chickens, pigs .

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Cannibalism is not rare in human history

Despite harsh accusations, severe punishment or social prejudice, cannibalism is not a rare phenomenon in human history. Even when ignoring the case of unstable neurotic killers, cannibalism is found in many human populations. Tribes living in the region of Papua New Guinea have been reported to have maintained cannibalism for thousands of years. They believed that the bodies of the deceased should be "digested" by their loved ones instead of the underground beetles. Some ancient tribes living in the Amazon area tend to eat predators as a way to show strength. Or some parts of the mummy have been cooked and eaten for medicinal purposes in post-Renaissance Europe.

1. In the future, these excess body parts may completely disappear due to evolution

Research: The phenomenon of cannibalism in the animal world and human society Picture 5 Tribes living in the Papua New Guinea area often eat the body parts of the deceased to pay homage

Scientists have many beliefs about the human hypothesis that it is possible to adapt to cannibalism when necessary. For example, many ordinary people feel frightened by the scenes of "gore, dissection", while surgeons consider it normal because they have learned how to get used to and like suspected for a long enough time. Of course this time for each individual will not be the same. Or as the slaughterers often interact with the daily slaughter scene and they consider it normal, while most of us consider it a scary job.

Some philosophers have even argued that the burial of the dead may be wasteful in the context of the war against world hunger being still very tough - but to be fair, there are many alternatives. much more palatable and comfortable than cannibalism. We can focus on studying meat animals that possess super lean genomes, develop cultured meat technology, or even insects that can meet our protein needs . that is certainly far more feasible options than cannibalism.

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Research: The phenomenon of cannibalism in the animal world and human society Picture 6 Cannibalism is an act that should not take place in any social form

Anyway, cannibalism is still an unwelcome behavior and should not be welcomed in any society. And that will only be the final choice in situations where there is really no other choice.