The remarkable processors ever

Network administration - Processors are the most impressive device in the computer system. They make computer brains compatible with a single electronic device. Previously, microprocessors were very cumbersome, but using silicon technology, microprocessors are now very thin with a cross-sectional area of ​​no more than 1 cm2. And more and more this "little thing" asserts its influence on all areas of life.

In the past there were many types of chips that appeared on the market, but due to the competition process, only a few types of chips can survive and grow and some have become the past for many reasons. due to different (like technology, price, marketing, .).

Here are 11 of the biggest "chips" ever. As mentioned above, some lines no longer appear in the market. And they are not necessarily the most powerful, best-selling or most successful chips, but they open a new trend that is very important for the high-tech industry.

11. Intel Pentium (Introduction in 1993)

Mark the birth of the microprocessor brand.

Intel developed this chip line after the 386 chip was dethroned in the market in 1991. Initially the chip was named 586, but Intel realized the need to put a memorable brand for their chip line. And from there the Pentium chip name was officially used by Intel in place of the name of the original 586 as originally intended.

Initially, the name Pentium was critically criticized, but in fact, Pentium opened a new era in the microprocessor consumer market. This is because Intel boldly changed the names of chips with common numeric characters like 286, 386 and 486 with a brand new name. And Intel's boldness has been rewarded.

The Pentium brand gave Intel's microprocessor a certain mark to help computer users easily learn about it, and other Intel competitors were unable to clone the chip name. produced by Intel. After that many other chip makers have created their own brand, and today in the market we see quite a number of chips with different names.

10. Motorola 68000 (Manufactured in 1980)

The platform developed the Apple Macintosh in 1984.

When Motorola launched the 68000 processor in 1980, the chip was one of the most powerful chips on the market at the time. Initially the 68000 chip supported Unix servers and workstations, and also the Sun-1 machine.

However, the 16/32 bit line of processors was not well received by the PC market until Apple used the chip on the Macintosh system in 1984. Later, many subsequent versions of the 68000 came in turn. Support for all Macintosh systems until Apple switched to using PowerPC chips in the late 1990s.

Earlier, in the mid-80s, Motorola reduced the price of the chip to pave the way for conquest of the Atari, Amiga, Sega Genesis video game system and Arcade machine. Currently the 68000 series is still used in embedded drivers such as automatic motor drivers, information display boards and weather forecasting devices.

9. AIM PowerPC 601 (Manufactured in 1992)

Support for Apple Power Macintosh 6100 was produced in 1994.

PowerPC is a product of the alliance including Apple, IBM and Motorola. These tech giants have demonstrated their influence in this new processor architecture with the ambition of eliminating Microsoft's and Intel's dominance in the PC market.

Although not outperforming Intel, PowerPC proves to be the "heart" that Apple Macintosh systems (which have used many versions of this type of CPU from 1994 to 2006) are required. This processor also proved its ability to support Macintosh, AIM Power PC 601 can support a number of other gaming consoles such as Nintendo Wii, Microsoft Xbox 360 and now it is also a component of the Cell processor of the Sony PlayStation 3 series.

8. RCA COSMAC CDP 1802 (Manufactured in 1976)

First used in NASA's Voyager 1 project in 1977.

RCA 1802 is the first type of processor used in the aviation industry. Due to some of the superior features of this microprocessor, in the late 1970s it was primarily used in space and satellite exploration ships, most notably Viking, Galileo and Voyager ships. The reason why RCA 1802 is used in these devices is because it consumes less energy and is able to withstand radiation so it can operate stably in space.

The Voyager 1, which uses three 1802 microprocessors, currently holds the record for the farthest spacecraft (about 10.2 billion miles from Earth to 16.32 billion kilometers).

7. AMD Opteron 240 (Produced in 2003)

First used in IBM server hardware systems.

The process of developing computer technology takes place very quickly. When the market tends to favor 64-bit chips, many vendors have quickly produced this chip to be competitive in the market. For example, Intel has released a 64-bit Itanium chip that has 32-bit support, but the chip handles 32-bit code very slowly.

Meanwhile, AMD extended Intel's existing x86 architecture to support 64 bit without costing 32 bit support. This processor is also known as x86-64 or AMD64. And the AMD Opteron 240 processor was developed based on this design. This design is very effective as proof that Intel has also used it in conjunction with every x86 architecture chip series except Itanium.

Every desktop processor today uses the x86-64 script and this standard will continue to be used in the coming years.

6. Zilog Z80 (Made in 1976)

Used in the Radio Shack TRS-80 Model 1 machine.

The 8-bit Z80 chip was introduced as an improved copy of Intel's 8080 series, but the Z80 has many new features in addition to its low price so it quickly replaced the 8080.

The Z80 processor, used for the CP / M operating system, has become the first multi-vendor computer standard. Much like today's Windows and x86 architecture chips, the CP / M-Z80 combination suite strongly supports enterprise models in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Trash-80 is a The system is most commonly used during that time.
Like many other chips, the Z80 is also used as embedded microprocessors in the electronics industry, which strongly supports Nintendo Game Boy, Sega Master System and other gaming machines as well as many Texas Instruments graphics computer. Currently, new versions of the first 8-bit Z80 processor are still used in embedded applications making this type of processor the oldest.

5. MOS Technology 6502 (Produced in 1975)

Used in Apple II system in 1977.

6502 chips have quite reasonable prices and many features. While Intel's 8080 processor sells for $ 149, the price of the processor is only $ 25. Thanks to low prices, the chip was introduced by Steve Wozniak into his low-cost line of computers. One of the products that Wozniak sells to the market is the Apple II, with a number of millions of machines, which has made a significant mark in the PC market in the late 1970s.

Later, in the early 1980s, the chip was also included in home computers and Video Game machines; and subsequent versions of the 6502 are also used in the Atari 2600 system and the Nintendo Entertainment System has made the 6502 processor the most influential in the field of Video Game.

4. Intel 8088 (Produced in 1979)

Used in IBM 5150 PC in 1981.

The 8088 processor was introduced as a separate version of the 8086 processor (produced in 1978) with an 8-bit bus. It works well with 8-bit chip support systems, so IBM chose this type of processor to include the new 5150 PC.

IBM's 5150 is the most powerful PC because it only has devices in the system that are synchronized with this processor. Then there were a lot of different versions of this processor that were released using the 8088's x86 architecture, and now this chip supports all types of PCs on the market, even Apple Macintosh.

3. Acorn Computers ARM2 (Produced in 1986)

Used in the system Acorn Archimedes in 1987.

Initially, ARM intended to be used for the Acorn RISC Machine system. When released, ARM is very simple, low cost. 32-bit RISC microprocessor (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) is manufactured by British computer manufacturer Acorn Computer. Then based on this structure, ARM2 was released and introduced into the Acorn Archimedes system, the 32-bit model was only sold in the UK.

Archimedes and later versions sold very well in the UK but never reached the US market. However, the ARM architecture has actually "shone" when used in the embedded microcontroller field in the electronics field, supporting the very popular used smart devices today. ARM processors are currently used in PDAs, mobile phones, Nintendo DS, iPods and iPhones, GPS navigation devices, digital cameras, etc. As a result, ARM becomes a 32-bit embedded processor used. most popular.

2. Intel 8080 (produced in 1974)

Used in the MITS Altair 8800 system in 1975.

It can be said that the 8080 is the first real microprocessor, and this is the first microprocessor suitable for computer use purposes. This 8-bit chip offers great support for the MITS Altair 8800, the first PC to be mass-produced.

The success of the 8080 immediately made competitors like the Motorola 68000 and other improved versions such as the Z80 quickly expand the potential processor market. But more importantly, the 8080 processor is the premise for Intel's 80x generation of chips like 8085, 8086, 8088, .

1. Intel 4004 (produced in 1971)

Used in Busicom computer 141-PF in 1971.

The 4004 chip is a processor designed specifically for Busicom computers. Its appearance proved a huge market awaiting the microprocessor line, and Intel was the first company to "jump" into this "lucrative" market. Currently Intel is still the "ruler" in the microprocessor market.