NASA's space telescope finds three new planets with rare features

All three planets revolve around a star called TOI 270, located about 73 light-years from our Earth.

If you are interested in events in modern astronomy, you've probably heard of Kepler's name. Kepler is a space observatory (including the Kepler spacecraft / telescope), designed to detect Earth-like planets, orbiting other stars, or simply speaking This is a satellite that specializes in hunting new planets. Kepler was launched on Earth orbit on March 7, 2009 and has now ceased operations. To inherit this important 'career', NASA decided to build a more modern survey satellite called Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS).

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NASA's space telescope finds three new planets with rare features Picture 1 NASA's space telescope finds three new planets with rare features Picture 1 TESS quickly found a planetary system containing many rare specialties

TESS is a space telescope developed specifically for NASA's Explorers program, and is designed to search planets outside the Solar System using a method of moving in a larger area. 400 times more than the previous Kepler telescope mission. TESS was launched into Earth orbit on April 18, 2018, and after embarking on it for a while, the satellite immediately showed how worth it it was to discover a few alien planets ( the planet outside the solar system) earlier than expected by underground experts, and in the most recent discovery, TESS has sent some very remarkable images of 3 extremely strange planets , including a planet known to NASA experts as super-Earth (super-Earth)

Super-earth burning heat with surface temperature can reach nearly 500 degrees Celsius, while the other two planets are colder. However, they are not so cold that they become a frozen world like the Neptune - the eighth and most distant planet from the Sun in our Solar System.

All three planets revolve around a star called TOI 270, located about 73 light-years from our Earth - relatively close. TOI 270 is about 40% smaller and about 60% cooler than the sun.

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The smallest of the three planets that TESS has found is named TOI 270 b. This planet has an orbit too close to TOI 270, so life cannot exist as we know it on earth. TOI 270 b has a balanced surface temperature of 490 degrees F (254 degrees C), too hot for life to exist. Although this planet is only 25% larger than Earth, but possesses 1.9 times more volume, so scientists believe it is a planet composed mainly of rocks and heavy metals.

The other two planets are named TOI 270 c and TOI 270 d, respectively, according to distance from 'mother planet' TOI 270. Because they are located quite far away, the temperatures of these two planets are lower than In comparison with TOI 270 b, they also do not seem to possess any characteristics similar to the planets in our solar system. TOI 270 c and TOI 270 d are larger than Earth 2.4 and 2.1 times respectively, while there can be 5 to 7 times more mass than Earth. In terms of climatic characteristics, TOI 270 c and TOI 270 d are quite similar, they are relatively cold and less harsh than the TOI 270 b.

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NASA's space telescope finds three new planets with rare features Picture 2 NASA's space telescope finds three new planets with rare features Picture 2 The TOI 270 planetary system was found by TESS and related information

In our solar system, there are 2 gas planets with relatively interesting opposites, Jupiter with high temperature and cold Neptune star. Meanwhile TOI 270 c and TOI 270 d make scientists pay attention because they contain interesting intermediate characteristics between two Jupiter and Neptune. The climate on TOI 270 d is not too harsh when the average temperature on the surface only stops at 150 degrees F (67 degrees C). This temperature is not ideal for many species on earth, including humans, but the ability to find powerful life forms on this planet is extremely feasible.

It should be added that this is the estimated equilibrium temperature of scientists, which is determined based on the amount of energy obtained from the star. The actual temperature may be significantly higher or lower.

Astronomers regard the TOI 270 system as an ideal place to learn more about the evolution of a typical planet. Our solar system does not exist planets of the same nature as TOI 270 c and TOI 270 d, so there will be a lot of things that precious space science can be found from these two planets. .

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Perhaps one of the most interesting things about TOI-270 is its location in the sky. This strange planetary cluster is actually in the observation field of the James Webb Space Telescope, but until TESS found the first information about TOI-270, the newcomer began to notice more about its existence.

As expected, astronomers will be able to capture a huge amount of data from this particular 'solar system', and that could very well change the way mankind understands the development of an act. fine.

* More information about TESS survey satellites

Although TESS owns quite a lot of modern equipment in the most modern contemporary sciences, however, TESS only costs 200 million USD (plus 87 million USD to launch) compared with the total cost from development until Kepler's $ 640 million successful launch. The satellite is produced by the Orbital ATK aerospace group ordered by NASA and the main investor: the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It has a relatively small size, only 3.7 × 1.2 × 1.5m, weighing about 362kg

During its ten-year tenure, TESS is expected to be able to find more than 20,000 planets outside the Solar System, significantly increasing the amount of exoplanets ever recorded (we only know to the existence of 3,800 exoplanets before TESS is launched. Besides, TESS's other task is to survey the brightest stars near Earth to gather more information needed.

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NASA's space telescope finds three new planets with rare features Picture 3 NASA's space telescope finds three new planets with rare features Picture 3 TESS is expected to be able to find more than 20,000 planets outside the Solar System

Thanks to modern equipment, TESS can collect information to help calculate the mass, size, density and orbit of a large group of small planets, including patterns of rocky planets in many areas. live of host stars (as is the case of TOI-270 mentioned above). In addition, it will also provide relevant information to integrate with the James Webb Space Telescope, as well as other future large and terrestrial telescopes to capture unprecedented data. known.