Nuclear bomb explosion in Nagasaki, Japan.
Atomic bombs create destructive energy thanks to the fission reaction, a phenomenon that divides atomic nuclei into smaller atoms. First, a nuetron - an electrically neutral particle in an atomic nucleus, collides with a plutonium or uranium nucleus, which breaks the nucleus into barium and krypton elements.
This process releases energy in the form of gamma ray radiation, some neutrons and heat. The generated neutrons continue to repeat the division process until the reactive fuel runs out. The time of the chain reaction is only about one millionth of a second.
An atomic bomb has the equivalent of 1,000 tons to several hundred thousand tons of TNT.
Hydrogen bombs rely on the fusion of two light nuclei (hydrogen) into a heavier nucleus (helium). It is this fusion reaction that is happening on the Sun and is the cause of its light and extreme heat.
However, to create this fusion, there must be a great energy. This condition only one atomic bomb explosion can meet. Therefore, the structure of a hydrogen bomb is a double bomb. The atomic bomb must first be exploded to allow the fusion reaction to occur. At that time, a series of atoms combine together, turning into energy with much more destructive power than normal atomic bombs.
Hydrogen bombs have tremendous destructive power. The energy released from a hydrogen bomb explosion can instantly destroy everything within a few kilometers radius. The explosion can create fire storms; High intensity white light can cause blindness; Radioactive dust and by-products can poison living organisms, causing air, soil, and water pollution for hundreds of years.