11 interesting differences between the two ends of the Earth: Arctic and Antarctica

Because of the tilt of the Earth's rotation axis, the amount of sunlight that reaches the Arctic and Antarctica is quite the opposite, so everything exists and happens at two different poles.

1. "Blood waterfall" in Antarctica, mysterious for hundreds of years has been decoded
2. 11 interesting facts few people know about Antarctica

1. Continental and Ocean

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Antarctica is a continent with an area of ​​14,000,000 km2, with mountains and lakes surrounded by the ocean and considered the largest desert in the world. There is no Antarctic nation.

Meanwhile the Arctic is a frozen ocean, surrounded by land. The northernmost region of the Earth includes the northern part of Canada, the United States, Greenland (the territory of Denmark), Norway, Sweden, Russia, Iceland, and Finland.

2. Volume of tape

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Nearly 90% of Earth's ice is being held at the farthest continent in Antarctica. The ice in Antarctica has a place of up to 3.5km.

But in the Arctic, the ice is only 2m to 4m thick.

3. The phenomenon of ice melt

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Big ice is 3.5 km thick in Greenland, the Arctic has a very fast melting rate in summer. According to calculations by scientists, at this rate, by the end of the 21st century, the ice sheet will melt nearly half and within more than a century, the entire Arctic territory will not have transparent ice. summer .

In Antarctica, large and small ice sheets almost all year round do not change shape, they only melt due to the effects of global warming.

4. The ozone layer

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The ozone layer is a very important layer of atmosphere, it encapsulates and protects the Earth from solar radiation. Currently in some places on Earth the ozone layer has been destroyed and even no more.

Currently, the Antarctic ozone layer is three times larger than the surface of the United States.

In the Arctic, due to the higher temperatures in Antarctica, preventing cloud formation can damage the ozone layer. But it is also getting thinner because the temperature in the stratosphere is gradually decreasing.

5. Temperature and freezing

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Antarctica is the coldest continent on Earth, the average temperature in the year is -49 degrees Celsius and the lowest temperature ever recorded is -89 degrees Celsius.

The temperature in the Arctic is higher, in the winter it is -34 degrees Celsius and the summer can increase by a few degrees.

6. Bears and penguins

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Many people mistakenly believe that polar bears and penguins live together in an environment. But the penguins actually live in the South Pole, where there are no predators, and the white bear is the ruler of the Arctic Ocean.

7. Oil - "black gold"

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There are about 10 tons of crude oil stretching nearly 1,800km, accounting for nearly half of the world's oil fields under the ice in the Arctic.

Under the continental crust in Antarctica, there are many oil fields, but the exploitation here has been banned due to the Antarctic Treaty.

8. Land without people

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Because the weather in Antarctica is so harsh, only people who work at research stations for a short period of time do not have settlers here.

In contrast, there are more than 4,000,000 people living in the Arctic, distributed in some places such as: Barrow, Alaska; Tromso, Norway; Murmansk and Salekhard, Russia.

9. Tornado

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There are tornadoes on Earth's 2 poles, formed in the middle and upper part of the troposphere and stratosphere. But the tornado tornado in Antarctica is stronger and lasts longer than the Arctic. The reason is that large areas of land concentrate in the high latitude of the Arctic, creating an atmospheric layer that reduces the intensity of the cyclone.

10. Minerals

Many minerals such as nickel, gold, silver, platinum, iron . can be found in Antarctica but do not exist in the Arctic.

11. Calculating magnetic field

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The Earth has two geomagnetic poles and does not coincide with two geographic poles. Earth's magnetic poles often have an unstable position and are cyclically reversed. The poles from the north move in the west with 10-15km per year and the magnetic pole in the south of the magnetic field is moving eastward at 55-60km per year.